Monday, October 16, 2017

Three paths to stronger NY energy and climate response

To cope with climate change, we must aim for transition to 100% renewable energy as soon as possible

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The Solutions Project and scientists at Stanford University have come up with plans for all 50 US states and 138 countries to transition to 100% renewable energy.

350.org founder Bill McKibben calls for politicians to commit to converting to100% renewable energy while working to keep remaining fossil fuels in the ground.

Senators Jeff Merkley, Bernie Sanders and Ed Markey have introduced the “100 by’50 Act” to completely phase out fossil fuel use and replace them with renewable power by 2050, while supporting workers and prioritizing low-income communities.

Legislation has also been introduced at the federal level to transition to 100% clean electricity by 2035

The Climate Mobilization calls for a government-coordinated emergency effort to move from fossil fuels to renewable energy as soon as possible, modeled after the US mobilization at the outset of World War II.   

Changing New York State’s Climate and Energy Policy

The Solutions Project’s New York State plan outlines how by 2030 electricity, transportation, heating/cooling, and industry energy infrastructure could be converted to run entirely from wind, water, andsunlight, provided by: 10% onshore wind (4,020 5- megawatt / MW turbines), 40% offshore wind (12,700 5-MW turbines), 10% concentrated solar (387 100-MW plants), 10% solar-PV plants (828 50-MW plants), 6% residential rooftop PV (5 million 5-kW systems), 12% commercial/ government rooftop PV (500,000 100-kW systems), with smaller numbers of geothermal, wave, tidal and hydroelectric systems.


New York can switch to 100% clean renewable energy by 2030.

New York needs to commit to this goal, and can make it by investing in energy conservation, energy reduction, wind, solar and geothermal (e.g., heat pumps) not oil, gas, coal, fossil fuel infrastructure, or nukes. We must immediately halt investments in fossil fuels and related infrastructure.

Legislationto require this has been introduced by Assemblymember Colton (A5105) and Senator Hoylman (S5908). NYSERDA is working on a study on how fast NYS can move to 100% clean energy. A draft is expected by the end of 2017.

NY must speed up its transition to renewable energy. Cuomo unfortunately is giving more money ($7.6 billion over 12 years) to bail out old upstate nuclear power plants than he is giving to renewable energy. We also need increased efforts by local governments to move to 100% clean energy (see GELF’s A Local ClimateAction Agenda).

We need stronger commitments by NYS and NYC re off shore wind (e.g., a commitment for New York State to purchase 5,000 megawatts (MW) of wind power by 2025, and 10,000 MW by 2030.

Mandate that Buildings Stop Wasting Energy

With around 1 million buildings in NYC, most of them older, only making new buildings more efficient is not enough. Large private buildings over 25,000 square feet account for just 5% of all the City’s buildings, but use more than half of the City’s total energy. Many are very inefficient. It’s crazy for apartments to be so hot in the winter than tenants have to open a window to stay comfortable – but very common. Many energy efficiency upgrades will pay for themselves in a short period of time, but building owners tend to ignore upgrades unless they are legally required, such as the City’s successful switch from dirty #6 heating oil to cleaner heating fuels.

The Climate Works for All plan would require comprehensive mandatory energy use performance targets in existing buildings, instead of prescribing individual requirements via cumbersome building code. Decision-making on specific efficiency upgrades would be left to owners. By 2025, large buildings should be required to cut energy use by 10%, and then by another 10% by 2030. Requirements for rent-regulated housing should be deferred until state law is changed to prevent landlords from raising tenant’s rents using the Major Capital Improvements (MCI) loophole.

Mayor di Blasio’s building retrofit proposal doesn’t hit the pace needed to reach even just the Paris agreement 80x50 cuts. It doesn’t require enough of large building owners, it lacks local hiring standards, and it will lead to rent increases on low-income tenants.

http://alignny.org/resource/climate-works-for-all-report/

file:///C:/Users/Administrator/Downloads/ClimateWorks_Report_R5_LowerRes.pdf

http://nycommunities.org/factsheet-energy-efficiency-requirements-large-buildings-slash-climate-pollution-create-good-jobs

http://nycommunities.org/letter-mayor-de-blasio-city-council-mayors-building-proposal

NY State Climate and Community Protection Act

The NY State Energy Plan sets positive goals for 2030. While an important roadmap, there’s a serious problem - its goals are only aspirational. NYS government agencies and officials are not legally required to put them into practice.

The Climate and Community Protection Act (CCPA) is needed to fix this. The CCPA was drafted by climate law experts at the Sabin Center for Environmental Law at Columbia University, and is backed by NY Renews, a coalition of 110 labor, community and environmental groups.

The CCPA would legally require NY State government to enforce its climate commitments, set new labor standards and worker protections for those in the renewable energy industries. It would allocate 40% of the budgets for community resilience and green jobs training projects in the State’s Clean Energy Fund to disadvantaged communities.

The New York State Assembly voted to write the CCPA into law in both in 2016 and 2017, but the Senate won’t even bring the CCPA up for consideration.

Senator Tony Avella of Queens and all 8 members of the Independent Democratic Conference – the group of 8 Senators elected as Democrats who now vote with the Republicans – signed on as co-sponsors of the bill. They introduced it into the Senate near the end of the 2017 session. Instead of pushing the Senate’s Republican leadership to bring the bill up for an immediate vote, Sen. Avella suddenly took a 180 degree turn, claiming profound misgivings about the bill and deciding to shelve it until further study.

It looks like the IDC’s last minute endorsement of the CCPA was a cynical scam to allow them to claim they support climate action, while actually helping Senate Republicans to block climate action. The IDC can disprove this theory by passing the legislation as soon as possible, by including it in their next conference budget proposal.

Here's a more detailed review of the CCPA and what happened in the NY State Senate.

Energy conservation and solar for NYC apartment buildings

350NYC is now organizing a series of interactive community forums on energy and climate.  The date and location of the first one, to take place this winter, will be announced later.

Following is part two of a draft version of a handout to be distributed at the forum, which will allow attendees to follow up on the short presentations and learn more at home. 

The two hour forum will feature presenters from the official NYC programs to facilitate energy conservation retrofit projects and rooftop solar panel installations in apartment building, NYC Retrofit Accelerator and Here Comes Solar, along with a property manager or a coop board leader to describe their successful project.  We’ll ask attendees willing to connect the property managers and coop board leaders of their buildings for their contact information, so this meeting will lead to actual projects. 

The third part of the forum will be the next section of the handout and the next post on this blog. Five minute introductions to three campaigns to strengthen NYC and State policies will be a lot in a short period of time - but we'll have notes. 



Energy Efficiency for your Building
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About 70% of NYC’s greenhouse gas emissions come from the energy used to heat, power, and cool buildings. Since over 90% of the buildings that exist today in NYC will still be here in 2050, to achieve the City’s energy conservation goals nearly all existing buildings will have to be retrofitted to become more energy efficient. 

Transform your building. Explain to management what’s in it for them.

One of the most impactful things you can do is to encourage your building ownership or management to take action.  Contact someone on your building’s coop or condo board, or the property manager.  Explain that NYC’s free program, the Retrofit Accelerator, will help them assess what energy conservation measures (ECMs) make sense for them.

ECMs will help owners and managers save money by reducing utility bills and operating costs, reducing labor and maintenance, and increasing occupant comfort. Even if they are not concerned about lessening the building’s climate impact, they’ll recognize that green practices are increasingly standard and have marketing benefits.

Many upgrade measures will save enough from energy bills to pay for themselves in less than five years: LED lighting and sensors in common areas, sub-metering, ventilation, fuel switching, domestic hot water, HVAC controls, and distribution systems. NYC Energy and Water Use 2013 Report, p. 30.

http://urbangreencouncil.org/sites/default/files/nyc_energy_water_use_report_2016.pdf

Most of these upgrades are voluntary, and many building managers do only what is required to comply with City laws.  They will be more willing to look into them if they know that help is available – and that residents are asking.  Contact 350NYC at beyondoilnyc@gmail.com for a volunteer to assist you and your neighbors.

NYC Retrofit Accelerator

Staff at the City’s free advisory service streamlines the process of making energy efficiency improvements in buildings. They will work with management to assess the building’s unique needs, make connections with qualified contractors, find cash incentives and financing, train building staff, and provide support even after project completion. Connect your building representative with the Retrofit Accelerator at 212-656-9202 and info@nycretrofit.org.

Handbook for Multifamily Buildings

Of NYC’s one million buildings, nearly 100,000 are multifamily properties.  NYC has put together a handbook specifically for them, introducing the basics of energy efficiency, incentive programs, financing, relevant local laws, and technical training programs.

http://www.nyc.gov/html/gbee/html/challenge/multifamily-buildings.shtml

Ready to Respond: Strategies for Multifamily Building Resilience

50 building resilience experts and staff from FEMA compiled this manual detailing 19 practical strategies for building owners to make their properties more resilient against the effects of extreme weather events. Determine your property’s vulnerability to various hazards, find which strategies are relevant, and how to get started.

http://www.enterprisecommunity.org/resources/ready-respond-strategies-multifamily-building-resilience-13356


Solar Panels for your Roof
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Fix the areas where your building is wasting energy before you install solar power. Otherwise, much of the additional electricity added by the solar project will be wasted!

Rooftop Solar Power

Solar electric systems convert sunlight into electricity, and can reduce a building’s need to purchase electricity from a utility. Any excess electricity produced that your building does not use is credited to your building’s utility bill through net metering. Solar panels can be expensive, but financial incentives from NYSERDA and government tax incentives can cover as much as 80% of the costs. They can also be financed or leased to install solar for little or no money upfront.

If you own a house, you can buy or lease solar yourself.  If you live in a coop or condo apartment building, the building’s board and management must agree to consider and then install a solar project. For large, tall buildings, the solar yield from relatively limited rooftop surface area will not cover as much of the building’s common area electricity needs as in six story buildings with more roof space compared to building volume.    

Community Solar

Solarize NYC brings together groups of potential solar customers, using group purchasing power to reduce prices 10-20% from individual pricing. A community can include a neighborhood, a group of buildings, or an association such as a labor union or property management firm. Solarize NYC will assist in choosing a solar installation company that offers competitive, transparent pricing.

Community Shared Solar

This model allows building owners and renters in multifamily buildings without adequate solar access the opportunity to subscribe to portions of a large solar array located on- or off-site and managed by a third party. Each individual subscriber’s share of production will appear as a credit on their utility bill, offsetting their monthly electricity charges. If the solar array generates more electricity than subscribers use, the excess generation credits will be distributed to individual subscribers on an annual basis.

Solar PV Online Resources
• NY-Sun: www.ny-sun.ny.gov
• Solarize NYC: http://nysolarize.com/
• Sustainable CUNY. NYC Multifamily Solar Guide: http://www1.cuny.edu/sites/sustainable/
• Here Comes Solar: http://www.herecomessolar.nyc/

To put the brakes on climate change, we have to do much more.  Next, we'll earn about three initiatives to make NYC and NY State energy policy much stronger.

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Envisioning NYC Community Energy Forums

350NYC is now organizing a series of interactive community forums on energy and climate, with the first one to take place this winter.

About 70% of of NYC's energy use goes to heat, cool, light and power buildings, and most of us live in apartment buildings, so that's where we'll focus.

The two hour forum will feature presenters from the official NYC programs to facilitate energy conservation retrofit projects and rooftop solar panel installations in apartment buildings, NYC Retrofit Accelerator and Here Comes Solar.  We'll invite a property manager or a coop board leader who can describe their successful project.  Then, we’ll ask for attendees willing to connect the programs with the property managers and coop board leaders of their buildings, so this meeting will lead to actual projects.  

Next we’ll hear briefly from representatives of three campaigns to strengthen NYC and NY State policies. Lastly, we’ll facilitate discussion among small groups of neighbors in the audience. 

It's a lot in a short period of time, but very doable.  We’ll distribute print copies of the following draft backgrounder, which will allow attendees to follow up on the forum's short presentations and learn more at home. 

Want to get a forum in your neighborhood? Let's start with an introductory talk to one of your local groups. Contact beyondoilnyc@gmail.com


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Draft Handout for Attendees
Climate Change and NYC
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The NYC Panel on Climate Change includes scientists and legal, insurance and risk management experts.  Their latest report, Building the Knowledge Base for Climate Resiliency, contains their predictions for the direct challenges to city infrastructure.

- Increasing temperatures: From 1900 to 2013, mean annual temperatures in NYC rose 3.4 degrees F.  A further 4-5 degrees F increase is expected by 2050.  By 2080, the City will experience 6 heat waves per year.
- Sea level rise: NYC sea levels have risen a foot since 1900.  By 2050, one to two feet more is expected.  Sea levels could rise as much as six feet by 2100.
- Dangerous storms:
Precipitation will increase and become more erratic leading to more frequent and more intense storms, and both more droughts and floods.
- http://www1.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/122-15/mayor-de-blasio-releases-npcc-2015-report-providing-climate-projections-2100-the-first

Many other indirect impacts - on agriculture, public health, the economy – in the US and around the world – will affect us.  Some scientists claim that the scenarios put out by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change are too conservative. A recent article in New York Magazine illustrates other possible scenarios.

http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html

What do we do?
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We must try to slow down and reverse climate change – while making ourselves and our communities more resilient to its impacts. The Paris Agreement, aimed at limiting global warming to under 2 degrees C (3.6 F), was a step in the right direction, even though its measures wouldn’t have been sufficient.  With the US federal government captured by fossil fuel corporate interests, and in full denial of reality, US cities and states are acting independently.  NYC and the US Conference of Mayors have agreed to commit to the Paris goals.  There is no time for complacency.  Fortunately, there are many ways for New Yorkers to take action.

Individual green lifestyle choices are necessary, but not enough.  NYC plans are quite good, but also not sufficient.  We can help NYC implement and strengthen its plans by plugging our neighbors and communities into current programs to increase energy conservation and renewable power in City buildings. Expanding these local efforts builds the foundation for the next steps: organizing to massively upgrade City, State and National responses.

NYC’s Plans for Sustainability and Climate Change Response
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PlaNYC, the City’s first sustainability plan, was released in 2007 by Mayor Michael Bloomberg.  In 2014, Mayor Bill di Blasio updated the plan as OneNYC, detailing hundreds of initiatives underway at City agencies.  NYC’s Roadmap to 80 x 50 report of 2016 analyzed potential emission reductions from the city’s energy, buildings, transportation, and solid waste sectors.  It found that the City is on track to meet its 2030 target, but still has to work harder to get to 80%.

- https://onenyc.cityofnewyork.us/
- http://www1.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/386-17/mayor-de-blasio-signs-executive-order-adopt-goals-paris-climate-agreement-new-york-city#/0

Many reports on NYC sustainability, resilience and energy use are at:

- http://www1.nyc.gov/site/sustainability/about/reports-publications.page.
- http://www1.nyc.gov/site/sustainability/codes/80x50.page

What you can do personally
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There are many ways to lower your personal carbon emissions:
- use mass transit
- turn off and unplug electronic devices when you leave home
- limit the amount of materials you use and the waste you produce
- recycle, compost and donate wherever possible
- support local farmers and buy organically grown food. 

- http://www.wehatetowaste.com/
- https://www.grownyc.org/
- https://www.coned.com/en/save-money/energy-saving-programs

Switch your personal electric use to wind and solar energy
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350NYC makes this green action very easy. Electricity can be generated by a fossil fuel burning power plant, a nuclear power plant, hydropower, or a utility scale wind or solar facility.  Only 2% of the electricity used by most NYC residents comes from renewable power: the other 98% is from other sources.

If you rent or own an apartment, and pay your own utility bill, the easiest way to change that is to switch to a wind or solar energy provider.  They will contact ConEd, modify your account, and will purchase the power you use each month from renewable sources. You will have personally divested from fossil fuels.

Choosing among many suppliers of green and renewable electricity can be confusing.  After 350NYC reviewed over 30 independent energy suppliers in 2014, we decided to recommend and partner with Clean Choice Energy (previously known as Ethical Electric). If you sign up with them, 350NYC will receive a $150 sign-on bonus.  Go to:
 
https://cleanchoiceenergy.com/Partners/350NYC/



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